Scan the reading text to guess then main ideas then choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) to complete the following passage
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Conservation, sustainable use and protection of ..(1)… resources including plants, animals, mineral deposits, soils, clean water, clean ….(2)…, and fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Natural ..(3)… are grouped into two categories, renewable and nonrenewable. A renewable resource is one that may be …(4)… over time by natural processes, …(5)… fish populations or natural vegetation, or is inexhaustible, such as …(6)… energy. The goal of renewable resource conservation is to ensure that such resources are not consumed faster than they are replaced. Nonrenewable resources are those in limited supply that cannot be replaced ..(7).. can be replaced only over extremely long ..(8)… of time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and mineral deposits, such as iron ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable resources focus …(9)…maintaining an adequate supply of these resources well into the future.
Natural resources are conserved for their biological, economic, and recreational values, ..(10)… their natural beauty and importance to local cultures. ..(11)…, tropical rain forests are protected for their important role in both global ecology and the economic livelihood of the local culture; a coral reef may …(12)…. protected for its …(13)…. value for scuba …(14)….; and a scenic river may be protected for its natural …(15)…..
Conservation …(16)…. arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-…(17)…. electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for unrestricted access to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use.
Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a …(18)…. country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to …(19)….. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear fresh water for …(20)…..
| 1. A. national | B. international | C. natural | D. lively |
| 2. A. lakes | B. air | C. gas | D. atmosphere |
| 3. A. resources | B. gases | C. fuels | D. plants |
| 4. A. bought | B. sold | C. brought | D. replaced |
| 5. A. such | B. such as | C. as | D. like |
| 6. A. wind | B. sea | C. snow | D. sunny |
| 7. A. and | B. but | C. or | D. so |
| 8. A. ways | B. periods | C. spaces | D. steps |
| 9. A. in | B. on | C. at | D. by |
| 10. A. like | B. also | C. and | D. as well as |
| 11. A. However | B. Nevertheless | C. For example | D. In fact |
| 12. A. be | B. was | C. were | D. is |
| 13. A. cultural | B. recreational | C. recreation | D. funny |
| 14. A. diver | B. drive | C. divers | D. drivers |
| 15. A. beauties | B. beautifully | C. beautiful | D. beauty |
| 16. A. conflicts | B. conflicting | C. to conflict | D. conflicted |
| 17. A. generate | B. generating | C. generation | D. generated |
| 18. A. differency | B. different | C. difference | D. differ |
| 19. A. flooding | B. flood | C. flooded | D. floods |
| 20. A. survivals | B. surviving | C. survival | D. survivous |
Đáp án
| 1. A. national | B. international | C. natural | D. lively |
| 2. A. lakes | B. air | C. gas | D. atmosphere |
| 3. A. resources | B. gases | C. fuels | D. plants |
| 4. A. bought | B. sold | C. brought | D. replaced |
| 5. A. such | B. such as | C. as | D. like |
| 6. A. wind | B. sea | C. snow | D. sunny |
| 7. A. and | B. but | C. or | D. so |
| 8. A. ways | B. periods | C. spaces | D. steps |
| 9. A. in | B. on | C. at | D. by |
| 10. A. like | B. also | C. and | D. as well as |
| 11. A. However | B. Nevertheless | C. For example | D. In fact |
| 12. A. be | B. was | C. were | D. is |
| 13. A. cultural | B. recreational | C. recreation | D. funny |
| 14. A. diver | B. drive | C. divers | D. drivers |
| 15. A. beauties | B. beautifully | C. beautiful | D. beauty |
| 16. A. conflicts | B. conflicting | C. to conflict | D. conflicted |
| 17. A. generate | B. generating | C. generation | D. generated |
| 18. A. differency | B. different | C. difference | D. differ |
| 19. A. flooding | B. flood | C. flooded | D. floods |
| 20. A. survivals | B. surviving | C. survival | D. survivous |