Tổng hợp các dạng câu so sánh trong tiếng Anh.

Tháng Mười Hai 9, 2018 admin Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh 2

So sánh giữa người này với người khác, vật này với vật kia hoặc địa danh với tính, trạng và danh từ trong tiếng Anh cũng rất hay nhầm lẫn nhé.

The comparison of nouns, adjectives & adverbs – Comparative degree

I.Comparative of adj/ adv (so sánh hơn của tính và trạng từ)

1. Short adj/ adv: tính và trạng từ ngắn là có từ 1 đến 2 âm tiết.

S1  +   be/ V  +    adj/ adv- er     +   than         + S2/ O

Eg: – She is taller than her sister. – This desk is shorter than that one.

She runs faster than me.      – He works harder than my brother.

2. Long adj/ adv: tính và trạng từ ngắn là có từ 2 đến 3 âm tiết trở lên.

S1    +    be/ V  +  more + adj / adv   +    than     + S2/ O

Eg: – She is more beautiful than her mother.

– This exercise is more difficult than that one.

– She speaks English more fluently than I do.

– My sister sings more beautifully than I do.

II. Superlative degree of adj/ adv (so sánh nhất của tính và trạng từ)

  1. Short adj/ adv
S   +    be/ V  +   the  +   adj / adv – est + (N/ S + V..)

Eg: – She is the tallest girl in my class.

– This room is the largest one in my school.

– She runs the fastest.      – He works the hardest.

  1. Long adj/ adv
S    +   be/ V    +    the   +    most + adj / adv + (N/ S + V..)

Eg: – This book is the most interesting.         – She is the most intelligent.

– My sister does sums the most quickly.      – Hau dances the most beautifully.

more carefully the most carefully
carefully less carefully the least carefully
cautiously more cautiously the most cautiously
less cautiously the least cautiously

III. Equal degree of adj/ adv (so sánh bằng của tính và trạng từ)

S1    +  be/ V   +   as  + adj / adv + as   + S2/ O

Eg: – She is as tall as I am.         – This desk is as long as that one.

– She works as hard as I do. – Minh swims as quickly as I do.

Eg: – She is as beautiful as her mother.        – This exercise is as difficult as that one.

IV. Unequal degree of adj/ adv (So sánh không bằng của tính và trạng từ):

S1   +  be + not / trợ động từ +  not V +     as/ so    +    adj/ adv    +      as      + O/ S2

Eg: – This book isn’t so/ as thick as that one.         – This desk isn’t  as/ so nice as that one.

– Hong can’t run so fast as she used to.

Eg: – She isn’t  so/ as beautiful as her mother.       – This exercise isn’t so/ as difficult as that one.

Chú ý với các từ ngắn có từ một đến hai âm tiết dùng ở câu so sánh hơn và nhất

* Special adj/ adv:

far

 farther the farthest
far further the furthest
little less the least
much/ many more the most
good/ well better the best
bad/ badly worse the worst
old       older/ elder   the oldest/ the eldest
late later the last
little further the furthest
* Normal adj/ adv:

tall

 taller the tallest
happy happier the happiest
narrow narrower the narrowest
thin thinner the thinnest

V. Doubt comparison of adj/ adv (so sánh kép của tính và trạng từ)

1.

S + be/ V  + short adj/ adv – er  + and  +  short adj/ adv – er ….

Eg: – It is darker and darker. – She is fatter and fatter.

2.

S  +  be/ V  +   more  +  and  +  more + long adj/ adv ….

Eg: – She is more and more beautiful.

– The lessons are more and more difficult.

3.

S  +  be/ V  +  less  +  and  +  less + adj/ adv

Eg: – The goods are less and less good.

– She is less and less beautiful.

4. 

The + ss hơn   + S  + be/ V…, The + ss hơn   + S  + be/ V….

Eg: – The nicer the weather is, the better the crops are.

– The more difficult the exercise is, the more interesting it is.

Eg: – The less difficult the exercise is, the less interesting it is.

VI. Noun comparative  (so sánh hơn với danh từ)

1.

S1   + V   +   more +    N(s,es)     +   than  + S2/ O

Eg: – I have more books than you.

– She often buys more pens than me.

Eg: – My brother earns more money than I do.

– His wife drinks more beer than him.

2.

S1   +   V  +   fewer  +  N(s,es)   +    than   + S2/ O

Eg:  – She works fewer hours a week than me.

– We have fewer pens than they do.

3.

S1  +  V   +   less  + N   +  than    +     S2/ O

Eg: – I have less free time than you.

– They buy less food than me.

VII. Superlative degree of noun (so sánh nhất của danh từ)

  1. Count table noun (Danh từ đếm được)
S         +         V      +     the most   +   N(s,es)

Eg: – My city has the most buildings in my country.

– I have the most books in my class.

2. Uncountable noun (danh từ không đếm được)

S         +         V      +     the most   +   N

Eg: – He drinks the most water among his friends.

– This room has the most furniture.

3. Count table noun (Danh từ đếm được)

S         +         V      +     the fewest   +   N(s,es)

Eg: – My city has the fewest buildings in my country.

– I have the fewest books in my class.

4. Uncountable noun (danh từ không đếm được)

S         +         V      +     the least     +   N

Eg: – He drinks the least water among his friends.

– I have the least money.

VIII. Equal degree of noun (So sánh bằng)

  1. Count table noun (Danh từ đếm được)
S1    +     V     +     as    +    many +   N(s,es)    +     as      + S2

Eg: – I have as many books as you.

– She study as many subjects as I do.

2. Uncountable noun (danh từ không đếm được)

S1    +     V     +     as    +    much   +    N    +     as      + S2

Eg: – She earns as much money as I do.

– She buys as much rice as her.

3. Unequal degree (so sánh không bằng)

Eg: – She doesn’t earn as much money as I do.

 

 

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